Reading and Mediation: Data and Opinions | שיעור ודוגמאות פתורות | אנגלית לתיכון, כיתות י׳ ו־י״א
אנגלית | כיתה י, כיתה יא | Reading and Mediation: Data and Opinions | תשפ״ז
שיעור ודוגמאות פתורות | Reading and Mediation: Data and Opinions | אנגלית לתיכון, כיתות י׳ ו־י״א (תשפ״ז). הסבר ברור, דוגמאות, תרגול מדורג והסברים מלאים לכל שאלה.
מטרות הלמידה
- Find facts and numbers in an article and a table
- Explain data accurately to another person (mediation) without exaggerating
- Evaluate evidence, recognise tone and write at your level: email, opinion paragraph or formal report
השיעור
Levels in this unit
| Practice | Points | CEFR |
|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | 3 | A2+ |
| Level 2 | 4 | B1 |
| Level 3 | 5 | B2 |
Students at 4 and 5 points should also complete the earlier levels.
How to read an article with data
- Read the title and the first sentence of each paragraph.
- Look at the table: what does each row measure?
- Separate facts (numbers, events) from opinions (what people think).
- Ask how strong the evidence is: how long, how many, compared with what?
Mediation: passing information on
Mediation means explaining a text or a chart to someone who has not read it. A good mediation is accurate (numbers are correct), relevant (answers what the person needs), balanced (no added opinion) and clear (short sentences).
Hedging
When evidence is limited, careful writers use hedging: suggest, may, appear to, probably, approximately. Compare: 'The data prove that…' (too strong) and 'The data suggest that…' (appropriate).
The article
Article
Later Bells at Harel High
(1) Last September, Harel High in the town of Givat Shaked moved its first lesson from 8:00 to 8:45. The change followed a student council survey in which 68% of 420 students said they regularly felt sleepy in the first lesson.
(2) After one term, the school compared attendance and grades with the previous year. Late arrivals to the first lesson fell from an average of 31 a day to 12. Average grades in first-lesson subjects rose slightly, from 78 to 80, while grades in other lessons stayed the same.
(3) Not everyone is convinced. Some parents say the later start makes their own mornings harder, and the sports coach complains that afternoon training now ends in the dark in winter. "Two points is not a revolution," says one teacher. "We need at least a full year of data."
(4) Principal Dana Levi agrees that the evidence is early. "We are not claiming a miracle," she says, "but fewer late arrivals already means calmer first lessons. We will publish the full-year results in June."
| Measure | Before the change | After one term |
|---|---|---|
| Late arrivals per day | 31 | 12 |
| Average grade, first-lesson subjects | 78 | 80 |
| Average grade, other lessons | 81 | 81 |
The school, town and people are invented for practice.
דוגמאות פתורות
Example 1 | Finding a fact (A2+)
How many late arrivals were there per day before the change?
Find the table row 'Late arrivals per day'.
Column 'Before the change': 31.
תשובה: 31
Example 2 | Inference (B1)
Why does the coach complain?
Paragraph 3: training now ends in the dark.
Lessons end later because school starts later.
תשובה: Training starts and ends later, after sunset in winter.
Example 3 | Mediating a chart (B1)
Explain the grade results in one sentence.
First-lesson subjects: 78 → 80.
Other lessons: 81 → 81.
Keep it exact and neutral.
תשובה: First-lesson grades rose by two points; other grades did not change.
Example 4 | Evaluating evidence (B2)
Is one term of data enough to judge the change?
Lateness fell sharply: a strong signal.
Grades: tiny change, one term, no comparison school.
Conclusion: promising but not yet conclusive.
תשובה: Not yet: more time and a comparison group are needed.