Grammar in Context: Time, Conditions and Reporting | שיעור ודוגמאות פתורות | אנגלית לתיכון, כיתות י׳ ו־י״א
אנגלית | כיתה י, כיתה יא | Grammar in Context: Time, Conditions and Reporting | תשפ״ז
שיעור ודוגמאות פתורות | Grammar in Context: Time, Conditions and Reporting | אנגלית לתיכון, כיתות י׳ ו־י״א (תשפ״ז). הסבר ברור, דוגמאות, תרגול מדורג והסברים מלאים לכל שאלה.
מטרות הלמידה
- Choose verb forms by meaning: routine, progress, finished past, experience and duration
- Use conditionals and the passive to express real, imaginary and impersonal meanings
- Report speech accurately and recognise advanced B2 structures (inversion, subjunctive, perfect infinitive)
השיעור
Levels in this unit
| Practice | Points | CEFR |
|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | 3 | A2+ |
| Level 2 | 4 | B1 |
| Level 3 | 5 | B2 |
Students at 4 and 5 points should also complete the earlier levels.
Read first: A message from the student council
Dear students,
Since September, our council has organised three clean-up days. Last Friday, while volunteers were collecting rubbish, a local reporter visited the beach. Her article will be published next week. If the weather is good next month, we will hold another clean-up. If more students joined, we would finish faster. Our coordinator said that she was proud of everyone.
The council and events are invented for practice.
Time: which tense?
| Meaning | Form | Example from the message |
|---|---|---|
| from the past up to now | present perfect | has organised |
| action in progress in the past | past progressive | were collecting |
| finished event at a known time | past simple | visited |
| someone will do it, doer unimportant | future passive | will be published |
Conditions
| Type | Meaning | Form |
|---|---|---|
| zero | general truth | if + present, present |
| first | real future possibility | if + present, will + verb |
| second | imaginary present | if + past, would + verb |
| third (B2) | imaginary past | if + past perfect, would have + past participle |
Reporting
After a past reporting verb (said, told, explained), tenses usually move one step back: am → was, have seen → had seen, will → would. Pronouns and time words change too: tomorrow → the next day.
דוגמאות פתורות
Example 1 | A2+
We ___ (visit) the museum last week.
'Last week' = finished time.
Past simple: visited.
תשובה: visited
Example 2 | B1
If I ___ (have) a car, I would drive to school.
The speaker does not have a car: imaginary present.
Second conditional: if + past simple.
תשובה: had
Example 3 | B1
Rewrite in the passive: 'The council will open the new pool in May.'
Object 'the new pool' becomes the subject.
Future passive: will be + past participle.
תשובה: The new pool will be opened in May.
Example 4 | B2
If she ___ (leave) earlier, she would not have missed the bus.
She did not leave earlier: imaginary past.
Third conditional: if + past perfect.
תשובה: had left